1,794 research outputs found

    A Flexible Computer Program for the Production of Insect Labels

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    (excerpt) In many instances multiple copies of identical insect labels are needed, either with or without blank spaces, for the purpose of placing collection or determination data with a specimen. One of several ways to produce acceptable insect labels is through the photo-reduction of typewritten copy. Compared to type setting, followed by press printing, this method provides greater flexibility, and often quicker results, especially when labels are needed only in relatively small quantities; also, it may be less expensive than press printing. However, the typing of full sheets of photo-ready copy is a tedious and time consuming process. If one has ready access to an electronic computer, with print-out on paper, this typewriting step may be obviated. The photo-ready copy is printed by the computer under direction of a suitable program which also contains the text needed for a particular label. Such a program, written in FORTRAN language, is presented here along with comments on its adaptation to specific needs

    Distributional Analyses of Revenue Options for Alaska

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    A new report commissioned by Rasmuson Foundation as part of its Plan4Alaska campaign finds that while strategies currently proposed to close Alaska's 4billionbudgetgapwouldsignificantlyimprovethestate′sfiscalstanding,adiversifiedrevenuestrategyisneededthisyeartoclosethegapandequitablydistributefinancialimpact.RasmusonFoundationcommissionedthereportinresponsetocommentsfromlawmakersaboutthedearthofeconomicdataavailabletogaugetheimpactofvariousrevenuescenarios."DistributionalAnalysesofRevenueOptionsforAlaska"wasproducedbytheInstituteonTaxationandEconomicPolicy(ITEP),anonprofit,non−partisanresearchorganizationwithamissiontoensurethatelectedofficials,themedia,andthegeneralpublichaveaccesstoaccurate,timely,andstraightforwardinformationthatallowsthemtounderstandtheeffectsofcurrentandproposedtaxpolicies.ITEPusedGov.BillWalker′sSustainableAlaskaPlaninitsanalysis,andevaluateditsproposedreductionstothePermanentFunddividend,andincome,alcohol,tobacco,andmotorfueltaxincreasestodetermineeffectsonAlaskansatdifferentincomelevels.ITEPfoundthatafiscalplanthatreliedheavilyonPermanentFundearningswithoutincometaxandotherformsoftaxationwoulddisproportionatelyimpactmiddle−incomeworkingfamiliesandlow−incomeAlaskans.Thereportalsoexaminesavarietyofoptionstoderivemorerevenuefromtheincometaxandlessfromreductionstothedividend.Amongthealternativeincometaxstructuresexaminedareadoublingofthegovernor′sproposedtax,theimplementationofamoreprogressiveincometaxproposedbyRep.PaulSeatonin2015,andtheenactmentofa6.4percentflattaxonincomesover4 billion budget gap would significantly improve the state's fiscal standing, a diversified revenue strategy is needed this year to close the gap and equitably distribute financial impact. Rasmuson Foundation commissioned the report in response to comments from lawmakers about the dearth of economic data available to gauge the impact of various revenue scenarios. "Distributional Analyses of Revenue Options for Alaska" was produced by the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP), a nonprofit, non-partisan research organization with a mission to ensure that elected officials, the media, and the general public have access to accurate, timely, and straightforward information that allows them to understand the effects of current and proposed tax policies. ITEP used Gov. Bill Walker's Sustainable Alaska Plan in its analysis, and evaluated its proposed reductions to the Permanent Fund dividend, and income, alcohol, tobacco, and motor fuel tax increases to determine effects on Alaskans at different income levels. ITEP found that a fiscal plan that relied heavily on Permanent Fund earnings without income tax and other forms of taxation would disproportionately impact middle-income working families and low-income Alaskans. The report also examines a variety of options to derive more revenue from the income tax and less from reductions to the dividend. Among the alternative income tax structures examined are a doubling of the governor's proposed tax, the implementation of a more progressive income tax proposed by Rep. Paul Seaton in 2015, and the enactment of a 6.4 percent flat tax on incomes over 100,000 (or over $200,000 for married couples)

    Predicting Airspace Capacity Impacts Using the Consolidated Storm Prediction for Aviation

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    Convective weather is currently the largest contributor to air traffic delays in the United States. In order to make effective traffic flow management decisions to mitigate these delays, weather forecasts must be made as early and as accurately as possible. A forecast product that could be used to mitigate convective weather impacts is the Consolidated Storm Prediction for Aviation. This product provides forecasts of cloud water content and convective top heights at 0- to 8-hour look-ahead times. The objective of this study was to examine a method of predicting the impact of convective weather on air traffic sector capacities using these forecasts. Polygons representing forecast convective weather were overlaid at multiple flight levels on a sector map to calculate the fraction of each sector covered by weather. The fractional volume coverage was used as the primary metric to determine convection s impact on sectors. Results reveal that the forecasts can be used to predict the probability and magnitude of weather impacts on sector capacity up to eight hours in advance

    Manuscript E

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    Timeline of African American history in Rhode Island, from 1652 to 1955, including the introduction of slavery; African American participation in the American Revolution; the abolition of slavery; the establishment and development of African American churches; notable African Americans; and African American firsts in Rhode Island

    The Reasonableness of the Law

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    The effects of toxic pollutants on freshwater bacterial communities

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    The effects of heavy metals, and phenolic compounds and phenol derivatives, on freshwater bacterial communities was studied. An effluent containing copper, zinc, cadmium and lead was found to have little or no toxic effect on planktonic bacterial communities in the River Aire, except for a localised inhibition of bacterial heterotrophic activity immediately below the discharge. The rapid complexation, adsorption and dilution of metals in the river were thought to account for the absence of bacterial inhibition.The presence of phenolic compounds and phenol derivatives in a small stream, Sugden Beck, caused major alteration in the planktonic and sediment bacterial communities, although this depended on pH. I.n comparison with a control stream, Stubs Beck, which did not contain phenolic compounds or phenol derivatives, the bacterial community in Sugden Beck had fewer percentage chromogenic bacteria, reduced species diversity and increased viable counts on Pseudomonas-selective-media (PSM agar). A taxonomic study at these two sites showed that the phenolic compounds and phenol derivative~ in Sugden Beck, caused a shift in species composition away from a diverse bacterial community, containing a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive genera, to one comprised of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudomonas. Major differences were also found between Sugden Beck and Stubs Beck, in the morphology of planktonic bacteria and the ability to mineralize 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D). Bacteria isolated from Stubs Beck and Sugden Beck were shown to have differing sensitivities to phenolic compounds and phenol derivatives. The toxicity of these compounds to bacteria was found to depend on the compound's structure and also on pH

    A Dark Reflection of Society: Analyzing Cultural Representations of State Control in Black Mirror

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    Recognizing the importance of visual criminology and media studies in contemporary academic criminal justice studies, I attempt to contribute to the field by analyzing three themes found in Channel 4’s Black Mirror in relation to cultural fears of state control and the progression of technology. The themes, including state power and coercion, the spectacle of punishment, and panoptic surveillance, are placed in a popular criminological framework in order to examine the attitudes and beliefs of the culture in which they were produced and for whom they are intended. I conclude that Black Mirror provides a social commentary on the themes of state control, punishment, and surveillance, with respect to the role technology plays in extending the scope of the state’s power
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